Upholstery fabric datasheets: how to read and compare them

The Martindale test (EN ISO 12947) measures how many rub cycles a fabric withstands under defined conditions. Higher values mean longer durability in the lab, but in daily use denim seams, cleaning agents and UV light affect lifespan independently of the test result.

Only compare fabrics tested to the same standard and with the same end-point criterion. A velvet at 60,000 cycles and a flat weave at 80,000 behave differently on the same upholstery frame.

Polyester offers colour stability and shape retention; cotton adds softness and breathability. Blends combine both. What matters is that the composition matches the planned use: a hotel armchair needs different fibre properties than a living-room sofa.

Usable width determines cutting and waste. Weight (g/m or g/m2) indicates body and behaviour under tension but does not replace the abrasion test. With patterned fabrics, the repeat must be factored into material planning so visible seams line up cleanly.

Care instructions are part of the specification. Waterproof, easy-clean or nano finishes protect the surface but are not indestructible. Aggressive cleaners or excessive temperatures can dissolve the protective layer locally. Follow the manufacturer's recommendation, especially with hydrophobic finishes.

OEKO-TEX STANDARD 100 certifies compliance with harmful-substance limits in the finished product. Verify the certificate number in the public OEKO-TEX database. Public tenders or hospitality chains may require further evidence such as ISO 14001 or VOC emissions data.